HIV-1 (P24) Protein in Cervical Carcinomas.Tissue Samples [Histopathological and immunohistochemical study in Ethiopian Women]

HIV/AIDS remains the major developmental challenge for Ethiopia. Cancer cervix is the most prevalent in Ethiopian women where the HIV-1-infection increases the risk for the development of such cancers. This study was designed to identify immunohistochemically the HIV-1 directly in cervical cancer tissue samples independently from the HIV serology status of the patient. This is a retrospective study on formalin fixed and paraffin embedded cervical tissue at Pathology Unit Department of Medial Laboratory Sciences, college of Public Health and Medical Sciences Jimma University South-Western Ethiopia. The study covered 115 cervical tissues with invasive carcinoma; collected during the period of January 2008 till December 2010. The clinical data were received from the pathology biopsy request sheet. The slides were re-evaluated histopathologically and all specimens were studied immunohistochemically for identifying the HIV [P24] in the cancer cervix cells. HIV-l/p24 immunohistochemistry study of the cervical cancer tissues revealed positive immunostaining in 22 cases; 19.1%. The HIV-l/p24 was diffusely cytoplasmic with various degrees of staining intensities. Positive cytoplasmic staining was detected in the cervical epithelial cancer cells and also detected in the lymphocytes present in the intervening stroma. The identification of HIV-1 in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cervical cancer cells may contribute to cell cycle disruption or the virus itself may have a direct carcinogenic effect making it in someway for the development and progression of cancer cervix

prevalence and the pattern of HPV-16immunostaining in uterine cervical carcinomas in Ethiopian women: a pilot study

Cancer of the cervix uteri is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The association of human papillomavirus [HPV] infection with cervical carcinogenesis is well documented. This is a pilot study aiming to studying the prevalence and the pattern of Human Papilloma Virus Type 16 [HPV 16] by immunostaining in the tissues of cervical carcinomas of Ethiopian women. 20 specimens of uterine cervical carcinomas were studied histopathologically and immunohistochemically for HPV 16. Histologically the specimens were classified as: Ten cases were Non Keratinized Squamous cell carcinoma [NKSCC], six cases were Keratinized Squamous Cell Carcinoma [KSCC] and four cases were Adenocarcinoma [ADC]. Immunohistochemistry study showed positivity in eleven cases [55%]; seven cases [35%] were non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma; three cases [5%] were keratinized squamous cell carcinoma and one case [5%] belonged to the adenocarcinomas. This study reveals a significant detection of HPV in Ethiopian women by the use of advanced techniques such as Immunohistochemistry [IHC]. The data of this study suggested that the marked expression of the HPV 16 was in the less differentiated uterine cervix carcinomas

Tuberculous lymphadenitis in southwestern Ethiopia

Tuberculosis is a public health problem in Ethiopia and is one of the major causes of deaths. The present study is aiming at the clinic-pathological interpretation of tuberculosis cervical lymphadenopathy and to apply cheap methods to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis acid fast bacilli in the lymphoid tissues. Sixty cases with cervical lymphadenitis were included, clinical data was obtained from the medical records. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was done to evaluate the morphological criteria of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis also the specimens were studied for recognizing the Acid Fast Bacilli. In our study the positive presence of the Acid Fast Bacilli showed a significant statistical associations with the presence of pulmonary tuberculosis; caseation necrosis and HIV serologically positive [p=0.00001, 0.0082 and 0.0272 respectively]; meanwhile there was no significant associations with the age, sex of patient or the family history of tuberculosis [p=0.2011, 0.2330 and 0.2276 respectively]. We conclude that the Iight microscopic assessment is a useful screening method to diagnose tuberculosis in cases of cervical lymphadenitis; moreover, the efficacy of diagnosis was improved when combined with identifying the infecting organism. The procedure in the present study is a cheap reliable method that can he useful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis lymphadenitis and also it can help] in the proper therapeutic approach